Employee Engagement A Leading And Primary Source And...

Employee engagement has been recognised by many organisations as a leading and primary source and tool of competitive advantage and business success. Based on research conducted, engaged employees are recognised as being more productive than disengaged employees; thus leading to improved employee performance, increased workplace productivity and profitability, and ultimately, organisational success. The term employee engagement is primarily associated with the employee’s commitment to the objectives, goals and ultimate success of an organisation, exercised together with the enhancement of the employee’s own sense of well-being and development. David Macleod explains employee engagement as â€Å"a concept that is greater than the sum of its parts† and describes the concept as, â€Å"this is about how we create conditions in which employees offer more of their capability and potential† (Macleod, 2015). There are many definitions for employee engagement; however, it is best defined as â€Å"an individual employee’s cognitive, emotional and behavioural state directed towards desired organisational outcomes† (Shuck Wollard, 2010). This construct, albeit a well-known principle within the business environment, has been founded on concepts such as employee commitment, job satisfaction, organisational citizenship behaviour and has been said to be key to improving performance within the workplace (Sridevi, 2010). Its success lies in its authentic implementation structured on a two-way engagementShow MoreRelatedHRM Strategy in a case study on IKEA1766 Words   |  8 Pagesadvantageous model management. United States speak of mobilising and unifying model of human resources. Warner (2011) discusses about Japanese model that focuses on employee participation in company decisions. Finally, the Swedish model which works on the establishment of principle of consensus. Each of the se models present advantages and disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses. What is the most interesting model of human resources management and more profitable for the organisation? , the modelsRead MoreEmployee Engagement in Today’s Multi-Generational Workforce Essay4090 Words   |  17 Pagesapproaches when managing personnel. The paper also relates to the need of establishing clear sets of goals and strategic initiatives to build a workforce that is engage, productive and fully identify with the organization’s culture. EMPLOYEE ENGAGMENT IN TODAY’S MULTI-GENRATIONAL WORKFOCE For today’s global workforce of four generations of employees and countless cultures, a careful approach must be taken in order to address the various needs of each individual. Nowadays, managersRead Morehuman resource management- Starbucks case study4015 Words   |  17 Pages 13.4. Employee Involvement Info Sharing 13.5. Team Work 13.6. Compensation 13.7. Reduction of Status Differentials 14. Benefits 15. Criticisms 16. Conclusions 17. Referencing Executive Summary: Introduction This project Definition: HRM can be defined as practices, policies or methods influencing the behavior, attitudes performance of the employees. It is a means to contribute to productivity, profitability and other business goals throughRead MoreA Project Report on Employee Engagement10634 Words   |  43 PagesA PROJECT REPORT ON Employee Engagement AT [pic] By MBA (HR) Institute of Information Management Sciences RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY JAIPUR DECLARATION I hereby declare that this project report titled â€Å"Employee Engagement† has been successfully completed at GENPACT, towards the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree â€Å"Master of Business Administration – (Human Resources)†from Institute of Information Management Science, affiliated toRead MoreThe Approach to Talent Management at Standard Chartered Bank7894 Words   |  32 Pagesseeks to obtain competitive advantage though the strategic deployment of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an integrated array of cultural, structural and personnel techniques.’ (Storey, 1995, p.5) Bratton and Gold argue that: ‘Human resource management is a body of knowledge and a set of practices that define the nature of work and regulate the employment relationship. HRM covers the following five functional areas: Staffing, rewards, employee development, employee maintenanceRead MoreRole of Human Resource Management in Corporate Social Responsibility11278 Words   |  46 PagesIMAM SUPERVISED BY SIR ZEESHAN BABER CLASS BS VIII COURSE TITLE PROJECT REPORT COURSE NUMBER BA (H)-622 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I offer my humblest thanks to  ALMIGHTY ALLAH, The most Beneficent and the Most Considerate and the entire source of all knowledge and wisdom. I pray to ALMIGHTY, ALLAH, which gives me the aptitude to complete this project efficiently and successfully. It’s not very easy for me to find the right words to express my gratefulness to my praiseworthy teacherRead MorePerformance, Compensation, and the Balanced Scorecard*10099 Words   |  41 PagesHaridas Summary The essay introduces the framework of the HR scorecard, which is modelled after the Balanced Scorecard developed by Kaplan and Norton. The first few sections describe the problems with traditional approaches to viewing HR’s role in business performance. It explains why HR should be looked at as a strategic asset. The HR architecture is then described in brief. It highlights the links between the HR scorecard and the Balanced Scorecard. The nature of HR deliverables including performanceRead More Job Satisfaction and Employee Retention Essay2169 Words   |  9 PagesEmployee satisfaction is undoubtedly the best predictor of employee retention. A job environment consisting of good working relationships usually fosters employee satisfaction. Employees feel motivated as they believe that the company is appreciating their service and commitment. Job satisfaction results in employee retention. Employee retention could be defined as the length of time employees stay with the organiz ation. The purpose of this report is to brief the management on the importance ofRead MoreEssay about Busi 650-ILP Final3607 Words   |  15 Pagesthe concepts offer to the organization, and what needs to be done to implement these concepts into the organization successfully. This ILP will prove that a successful business can be run effectively and efficiently when implementing the key concepts. Organizational Setting Dover Saddlery, Inc. is a leading specialty retailer in the English-style horseback riding industry in the United States. The company offers a large selection of quality and premium equestrian productsRead MoreStrategic Position, Strategic Choice and Strategic Action (Implementation) for Bhp Billiton6294 Words   |  26 PagesCurtin Business School School of Management 313418 Business Analysis for Management 542 February 2012 This unit is managed by School of Management/CBS Page 16 of 20 CRICOS Provider Code WA 00301J, NSW 02637B SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Research Report COVER SHEET | GROUP Name: Group 9 | ASSIGNMENT: Written Report | Unit Name | MANAGEMENT 542 (Business Analysis) | Unit Index No. | 313418 | LECTURER | A/Prof Chris van Tonder | SEMINAR Day/Time | WED: 11h00 – 14h00 | Dong Liang ID:14095278

Young Good Brown By Nathaniel Hawthorne And Girl By...

We’ve done quite a few readings from different time periods such as American Romanticism, American Feminism and Post Colonialism. For this paper, I am going to compare and contrast 2 readings, Young Good Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne and â€Å"Girl† by Jamaica Kincaid. Hawthorne’s writing is from the American Romanticism week and â€Å"Girl† is from the Post Colonialism week. From my understanding and interpretations, the two of these readings share common themes such as public perception, gender roles, for lack of a better word and trust but they have differing views of each theme. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown the story revolves around a man named Goodman Brown who has set out on a journey to find the devil. His wife, the young and effervescent Faith tries to coerce Goodman Brown into staying with her and not going on the journey and Goodman Brown assumes that Faith knows the dark mission of his travels. Goodman Brown is a man of str ong moral convictions which reveals a concept of morality being a weakness. This is revealed throughout the story, when Goodman Brown encounters the devil in the woods and he is embarrassed as he does not want to be seen with such a figure when the two encounters Goody Cloyse. He is more concerned with being seen in public with the devil than the actual fact of encountering the devil in the first place. And when Goodman Brown discovers that his wife along with his father and several others are all in cahoots with the devil his initial

Spice Crops Free Essays

Accessibility to good roads, transportation facilities, and market A good farm-to-market road is practically essential. Bad roads limit the size of loads, increase wear and tear, and cause crops to be bruise. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Spice Crops or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) Well-drained areas A gently sloping land is a good site because it allows for efficient water drainage. The site should not have any depression where water may accumulate. 3. ) Soil fertility Spice crops can be grown in almost all types of soil. However, they thrive best in loose, friable, sandy loam soil rich in organic matter. 4. ) Climatic conditionsMost spice crops grow best under warm humid climates but some grow in dry environments. Determining what kind of spice crop to grow in a particular area should be done beforehand. 5. ) Rainfall The amount of rainfall is important because spice crops do not grow well in areas with excessive rainfall. Instead, they grow faster in places with direct exposure to sunlight. Preparing the Onions There are several varieties of onion grow here in the Philippines. Among them are Red Globe, Excel, Granex, Red Creoles, Crystal Wax, Japanese Bunching, Baguio green,and Beltsville Bunching. The onion plot should be plowed, harrowed, and left in good tilth.The surface should be well worked and smooth. For every kilogram, prepare a 1Ãâ€"10 meter plot. Prepare five plots and five kilograms of seeds for every hectare of planting area. Sow the seeds thinly and evenly then water the plot. Cover them with a thin layer of pulverized soil to avoid exposure to sunlight. Keep the soil moist by watering it every week with ammonium sulfate. Seedlings are grown for 30-40days. As the onion matures, gradually decrease water supply to promote proper bulb ripening. Stop watering when the tops of onion start falling over as they are almost ready for harvesting.Onion’s keeping quality is longer when it is fully ripe when harvested. PLANTING AND CARING FOR ONIONS: Planting and Transplanting Onions can be planted either by clean culture or mulch culture method. If clean culture is used, the field should be plowed and harrowed to remove the weeds and pulverized the soil. One or double rows are then made, and complete fertilizer and processed fertilizer at the rate of 4-6 kg. per 100sq. m of land are thoroughly mixed and applied. The plots should be sufficiently irrigated to wet the soil. In the mulch method, the field is not plowed. Instead, the remaining stalks are cut nearest to the ground.Then, the field is allowed to dry while the weeds are removed. The field should be irrigated three days before transplanting. Fertilizer should be applied a week before transplanting. The amount of fertilizer to apply may depend on the native soil fertility, thus soil analysis is necessary. After 30-40 days, irrigate the field to loosen the soil. Uproot the seedlings carefully, and plant them in the plot in columns with a distance of 8-10cm. Make sure that the soil has enough moisture while the plants are growing. Irrigation In the plot method, the first watering is done after one week from the date of planting.Irrigate the field just enough to water the soil. Apply the fertilizer consisting of five bags of ammonium sulfate and five bags of urea per hectare are then applied. The field is then irrigated every 10days. On the third irrigation, a combination of five bags of urea and five bags of muriate of potash are applied. On the fourth irrigation, 20 bags of complete fertilizer per hectare are then applied In the mulched method, less irrigation is done because the rice straws can retain the moisture of the soil longer. In both methods of planting, irrigation is no longer done one month before harvesting the crops.Pest and Diseases The common Pest that attack onions are thrips and nocturnal leaf-eating worms. You have learned that thrips are winged insects that eat parts of onion’s leaves, which then become yellow and dried from tip to base. To control these pests, spray the infested plant with Malathion or any appropriate insecticide. Purple blotch and onion pink rot are the common diseases caused by fungi that usually attack onions. Practicing crop rotation, planting of resistant varieties, and applying appropriate pesticides are some of the measures that farmers may use to control these diseases. HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST OF ONIONSHarvesting and Post-harvesting Operations The bending of the onion leaves is a sign that the onions are ready for harvesting. The maturity period of the crop differs according to the variety, just make sure that only the fully ripe ones are harvested to enhance their keeping quality. Red Globe, for example, matures in 100 days or more; Excel matures in 90-100 days; Red Creole matures in 110-120 days; and Granex matures in 130-135 days. Onions are harvested by uprooting the plants carefully. The bulbs should be properly sorted from the thick necks (will not store so long); injured or damaged bulbs should be cleaned.The plants are then placed in nylon sacks, bamboo crates or baskets. Onions should be carefully handled and properly cured, so that they will retain their freshness and quality. Onions should be placed in cold storage room with a dry atmosphere and adequate ventilation Marketing of Onions Fresh market onions are distributed through broker-shippers, grower-shippers, and chain store buyers. Many growers disposed of their crops soon after harvest. Dealers, shoppers, supermarket buyers, and others are usually on hand at harvest time to buy the products on cash basis, some on consignment basis.In some areas, onions are commonly sold under marketing contracts between growers and shippers. Profit Crops Production Cost Gross income Net income (Pesos)(Pesos) (Pesos) Onions P50. 00 P100. 00 P50. 00 The remaining P50. 00 profit will be the total profit for my plant production of onions.FIAT LUX ACADEME Cavite In partial fulfillment of the requirement in T. L. E. II â€Å"A Project Plant for my Plant Production† Submitted by: Rotsen R. Manaois II – Germanium Submitted to: Miss Hirlen E. Pico T. L. E. Teacher How to cite Spice Crops, Papers

Amazon Strategic Management for Compact Disks - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAmazon Strategic Management for Compact Disks. Answer: Technology is part and parcel of the day-to-day activities of a human being. In this era, individuals seek for technologies which can help to ease various functions of their life. This paper focuses on the case study of Amazon which released a tablet dubbed as kindle fire for the purposes of allowing individuals to have access to electronic publications. This case study is intended to relay the analysis of business and strategic management that followed after the launch of Amazon kindle fire by the Chief Executive officer for Amazon, Jeff Bezos (Hitt, 2017). It is important to note that Amazon Kindle Fire was meant to have their customers have all Amazons experience in their laps. This meant that Jeff Bezos believed that the device would create a fulfilling experience for the customers. In the bid to make this a reality, Amazon was willing to finance the hardware device for the product (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2016). This was with the assumption that it would lower the overall c ost of the product thus increase its purchase. In the light of the above knowledge, this paper critically analyses the case study of Amazons invention of Kindle Fire, their strategic environment, and future strategies. Amazon has been known to be one of those organizations which are profitable and ahead of revenues. It is largely known for selling products such as books, compact disks (CD) and various households items (Sinaga, 2001). In this regard, it was little surprise that it came forth with a new invention to spur up the market for tablets. The Kindle Fire is a unique electronic device that encompasses amplified e-reader functionalities while at the same time trying to incorporate basic tablet capabilities to woo tablets buyers. At this point, the Kindle Fire acts as device baring to capabilities, one for a tablet and the other of e-reader capabilities. In this regard for a layman, one can point that the Kindle Fire is a tablet e-reader. It is momentous to comprehend that since its founding in 1994, Amazons first kindle an e-reader was developed in 2007. Over the years, kindle touch, kindle keyboard and other versions which can access the internet were developed. However, the invention of the Kindle Fire in September 2011 was what broke the market for this online retailer. Environment analysis for Amazon Kindle Fire When a closer look is taken at the environmental surroundings in regard to the Kindle Fire invention by Amazon, there are a lot of generic elements that erupt. On the financial part, Amazon comes with a relatively cheap price due to the company financing the acquisition of the hardware product. As per Britannica Book of the Year 2012, (2012), the Kindle Fire comes with a low price of two hundred United States dollars hence having a competitive advantage from other tablets which cost around six hundred United States dollars. In comparison to e-readers, kindle fire is a bit expensive because e-readers cost an average of one hundred United States dollars. However, additional features such as bigger storage, increased uses such as internet and games makes it worthwhile. As a physical element, the kindle fire falls between an e-reader and the tablet of seven inches (Rich, 2012). The price for Kindle Fire is less compared to e-readers and a little bit lower as compared to other tablets. A technical examination for Kindle Fire brings into light providing an enhanced e-reader experiences with state of the art color combination, in addition, the device, is more compact with a large storage space, durable and tactile. On the other hand, it serves as a tablet because it has features such as gaming content, access to application and internet. However, one of the drawbacks of this device is the location of its power button. The power button is located at the bottom of the device which makes it difficult to power on and off. The Amazon Kindle Fire has an impact on the social-cultural environment. The Kindle Fire provides a unique experience to e-reader users who do not fancy full tablets regardless of the price. Amazon has enhanced readership culture among many individuals. With the current generation who seeks to have intellectual nourishment and at the same time seeks to have entertainment, Kindle Fire serves as the best device. This is because it offers different applications with convenience on one device. Kindle Fire has been juxtaposed as a device which serves different kinds of people, those who have attitudes of owning many devices for different uses and those who are keen on prices. In the global environment, Kindle Fire has impacted a lot of Android tablet vendors (Jennex, 2014). This means that Android vendors across the globe are forced to confirm their prices to reflect the price that Kindle Fire is selling at. The ecosystem of Kindle Fire is what lives android tablet developers out in the c old. This is especially when it comes to application. While Kindle Fire can allow users to have localized running apps, other android developers depend on Google for the provision of selected applications which are a clich (Mena, 2013). In addition, most of the android tablets look the same while Kindle Fire is different due to its differentiating ecosystem. When an individual takes up the Kindle Fire, one will realize its technical strength. The screen resolution and the color combination of Kindle Fire are perfect. The touch sensitivity of Kindle Fire is good as compared other high-end tablet in the market today. In addition, the seven-inch size of the Kindle Fire provides a good e-reading experience and also a good video streaming experience for a user. The kindle fire high definition has a forty percent higher Wi-Fi with an eleven-hour-long battery life (Conder and Darcey, 2012). The Amazon Kindle Fire has few legal impacts on the legal and political environment. As far as demographics in regards to Amazons kindle fire is concerned, certain demographic elements seem suitable for the device than others. According to Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, (2016) Children and individuals who are highly educated have been selected as targets for the product. The large storage, durability, the applications of games and also the affordable price of two hundred United States dollars make parents see kindle fire appropriate for their children (Hill-Whittall, 2015). The device has been designed in such a way that it can be able to seamlessly display textbooks with their corresponding texts, graphs, highlighting among others, a partnership with publishers serves as a worthwhile endeavor. Ultimately, its low price makes any individual who is willing to have a tablet in possession, kindle fire will be the first option. The e-reader and tablet industry environment It is important to note that Amazon operates majorly in the United States, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, and parts of the United Kingdom (Turban et al., 2017). However, this does not mean that people from Australia do not use Amazon products such as Kindle Fire. Kindle Fire is just like any other tablet technology in the market with few enhanced features. Since technology serves as the backbone of economic activities in countries such as China and Japan. This means the supply power for the hardware and the software that make up the product is high. On the part of supply power of the Kindle Fire product, it is appropriate to say that it is not stable since there are issues that touch on the advancement in technologies and that it covers a few countries as compared to normal tablets which can be supplied worldwide. The buying power for the Kindle products as far as the targeted customers are concerned is high. This is because Kindle Fire is pocket-friendly where a person earning avera ge salary can afford. The Nook tablets by BN, publishing firm is a new entrant which has given Amazons Kindle Fire a run for their money. It is very easy for people to purchase books as well as e-reading platforms from one dealer instead of spending a lot of time purchasing a tablet from another source. On the contrary, there are other competitive products such as Apples iBook and Newsstand applications are giving amazon sleepless nights as far as the sale for Kindle Fire is concerned (Davis, 2014). It should be understood that Kindle Fire is concerned on how its customers use the product for it to make money. This is contrary to tablet products for Apple where if bought and if used, the company would still make money. This implies that Amazon needs to sell its products from interested buyers only who would use the device by buying contents from it. In this regard, companies such as Apple, do not view Kindle Fire as ultimate competition as it would still make more money (Rich, 2012). Competitive environment Amazon is introducing a new product into a market that already exists. This implies that the product was expected to focus on the product development and enhancement in order to have a smooth sail into the market. When Amazon advertises Kindle Fire there is no mention of the word tablet. This is because the target group for the device is people who can be able to buy content from the device so as it would be able to make money from the product. As much as Amazon would like to sell more than the product to a customer, in the same manner, that Sony, Microsoft, and Nintendo sold their gaming console with the hopes that their customers would use them for a substantial period of time. Apple, Microsoft, and Samsung use a different method where they instill in their customers the need to upgrade their devices, a method that makes Kindle Fires future in the dark. Opportunities and threats of Amazon Kindle Fire Amazon has many opportunities regarding expanding its market in the sale of their Kindle Fire product. One of the opportunities is innovation. In the world of technology, innovation is one of the best-selling points (Hill and Jones, 2012). The reason why Amazon still holds as the nest leading online retailer is that of its innovative nature is coming up with new products and services. As much as the Kindle Fire faces a lot of competition from big brands such as Apple, Samsung, and Sony, there are opportunities to make the hardware of Kindle Fire make money without selling its contents. The Amazon Web Services (AWS) for delivery of products are other ways of ensuring that the company still generate revenues. As per Noble, Griffin and Durmusoglu, (2015), Amazon has been able to acquire loyal customers while at the same time it tries to expand its customer base. In that connection, loyalty can result in sustainability for the company even in hard times. Due to the big size of the compan y, it has the opportunity to sell their products at a lower price in the bid to sell more units. This is dubbed as bait and lure model. Amazon has experienced threats such as the new entrants in the market, for instance, the BN who have forced Amazon to sell its products at a discount. Kotler et al., (2015), asserts that competitors such as Apples iPad, are imitating Kindle Fire e-book capabilities. The threat of Amazon having an e-commerce selling point is a threat since many customers would want to have a feel of what they are going to purchase. Amazons tangible and intangible resources Amazon enjoys the asset of goodwill among many customers both loyal and potential customers. The goodwill is measured using the balance sheet where the profits increased yearly. Innovation is an intangible assent that Amazon enjoys greatly (Peng, 2013). For a company to stay in the market as long as Amazon, it must come with innovation so as to be in tandem with the changing generation. According to Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, (2011), Amazon brand acts as an intangible asset as it is the only company which is known largely in retain online sales. The information technology such as the drones for the delivery of products such as books is an intangible asset (Berry, 2005). The property and equipment that belong to Amazon act as tangible assets. They include money, furniture, software and premises among others Strategic capabilities of Amazon has been a reason for its long survival. Strategic capabilities are composed of the resources in terms of technology and the premises that the company possesses. The physical capabilities which include the products, warehouses, patents and customer database are consequential to the company survival. The employee motivational programs are important to the service delivery that Amazon offers. Core competency analysis for Amazon Amazon Company own a very large space which can accommodate a significant number of customers. Amazon has twenty-five million square feet of warehouse space. In addition, Amazon has the hold of ten percent of North America loyal customers who have an affinity for e-commerce mechanisms. The ability of the company to come up with innovations such as the Kindle Fire serves as a core competency (Bali, Wickramasinghe and Lehaney, 2009). Logistics innovation such as the use of drones to deliver products provides efficiency of services which make the company have a lot of customers. The e-books that Amazon provides makes it spend less in distribution costs thus making more profits. The fact that its sales its products at low prices in a bid to sell more unites gives it an advantage over other competitors. Value chain analysis of Amazon Amazon does not have a long-term contract with any of its vendors to guarantee the availability of its products. Its inbound logistics is the backbone of Amazons success. Amazon sale points are separated into three segments North America, international and amazon web services which offers activities such as software services for institutions. In the bid to manage its big market, Amazon has outbound logistics such as FedEx and TNT. The company has plans to lease twenty Boeing 767 freighters in a bid to reach international markets. Amazon sales have been increasing every year. This is because Amazon marketing message focus on fast delivery of products which is number one priority of its customers. Amazon has only two weakness, one of them is that it does not permit sharing of the e-books due to copyright issues (Strauss and Raymond D., 2016). Another weakness is the dwindling of the stock price. Currents strategies that Amazon use Amazons use cost leadership generic strategy in order to have a competitive strategy over its competitors (Pantano et al., 2004). This is the continuous improvement of its information technology structure and heavy investment in its research. One of the amazons strategy is market development. Market development is Amazons primary strategy for its market growth. In this market development strategy, Amazon seeks to have entered into new markets. Case in point, initially Amazon used to provide its retail services only in the United States. Recently, the company has expanded its market base up to ten different countries that include, China, Canada, and the United Kingdom. With a new website that conforms to a country, Amazon believes that venturing into new countries provides another opportunity to have access to new markets. Market penetration is another strategy that Amazon uses to be relevant in the market. The interest of many people to shop in online activities have encouraged amazon.com. The generic strategy has made Amazon have many customers who make Amazon sell its products at low costs thus giving other companies a run for their money (Plant, 2000). Product development is a strategy that is very dear to Amazons growth. It is no doubt that the ability of Amazon to develop new products makes it have more customers. Amazon products such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) ensures that the company makes revenues from different avenues. Diversification is another strategy that Amazon uses. This implies that Amazon sales a lot of income-generating activities other than online retailing to make a profit and reduce risks (Wynn-Williams, 2017). Future viable strategies for Amazon The future of Amazon can be best sustained by applying strategies such as dynamic pricing. This can help the company get rid of new entrants such as BN who give competition to Kindle Fire by offering their products at a lower price. By having the knowledge of the real-time purchasing power and act accordingly, no entrant will be able to outdo Amazon (Yeoman and McMahon-Beattie, 2004). Sidestepping the economies of scale is one of the future strategies that Amazon can use to advance in its market for a long time, many business people believe that reducing the costs of the product by reducing the quality assist business make profits. Amazon can make its products deposable by focusing on the content of a product rather than the outside hardware of the product. This makes a product to have low cost thus making an individual be able to purchase another hence ensuring a company make profit from high sales (Stalk and Butman, 2008). By embracing complexity in their products as a strategy, Amazon can be able to provide a competitive advantage for their customers. For example, the fact that Amazon produced a complex device dubbed as the Kindle Fire which could be able to act as a tablet and as an e-book reader ago, gave big companies such as Apple and Samsung fierce competition. As much simplicity is the mantra of the day, when it comes to technology, simplicity does not hold any waters. Having products in which its use is controlled is a future strategy that Amazon should take advantage of. In this regard, Amazon should learn a lesson from itself with the coming up with a device that is unlike other products in the market. For instance, the Kindle Fire is user controlled, unlike Apples iPad. This is because the product contains ports such as USB which makes a lot of users prefer the product as compared to iPads which do not contain such ports which are essential to a techno survey being. In conclusion, Kindle Fire is more than an e-reader. It serves as a table in which tablets are used for content consumption. This is crystal clear that Amazon used a clever way to ensure that its content is delivered to the customers in a form that their customers can be able to relate to. With its cheap price, the product has been able to give stiff competition to big players in the market such as Apple, Samsung, and Sony. As much as new entrants such as BN are giving competition to Amazons Kindle Fire. There new strategies such as ignoring economies of scale, tolerating complexity, and embracing real-time pricing. References Bali, R., Wickramasinghe, N. and Lehaney, B. (2009).Knowledge management primer. New York: Routledge, p.32 Berry, J. (2005).Tangible strategies for intangible assets. New York: McGraw-Hill, pp.29-31. Britannica Book of the Year 2012. (2012). Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc, p.219. Conder, S. and Darcey, L. (2012).Android wireless application development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley, p.166. Davis, V. (2014).Reinventing Writing: The 9 Tools That Are Changing Writing, Teaching, and Learning Forever. Routledge, p.34. Hill, C. and Jones, G. (2012).Strategic Management Cases: An Integrated Approach. Cengage Learning, p.282. Hill-Whittall, R. (2015).The indie game developer handbook. CRC Press, p.111. Hitt, M. (2017).Strategic management. New york: Cengage learning, p.50. Hitt, M., Ireland, R. and Hoskisson, R. (2016).Strategic management. 12th ed. Cengage Learning, p.27. Hitt, M., Ireland, R. and Hoskisson, R. (2011).Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases: Competitiveness and Globalization. Cengage Learning, p.80. Jennex, M. (2014).Knowledge discovery, transfer, and management in the information age. Hershey, Pa: Information Science Reference, p.127. Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L. and Armstrong, G. (2015).Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU, p.108. Mena, J. (2013).Data Mining Mobile Devices. CRC Press, p.233. Noble, C., Griffin, A. and Durmusoglu, S. (2015).Design Thinking: New Product Development Essentials from the PDMA. John Wiley Sons, p.126. Pantano, E., Gerlach, S., Dennis, C. and Merrilees, B. (2004).E-Retailing. Routledge, p.183. Peng, M. (2013).Global Strategy. Cengage Learning, p.65. Plant, R. (2000).Ecommerce. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Financial Times/Prentice Hall, p.10. Rich, J. (2012).How to Do Everything Kindle Fire. McGraw Hill Professional, p.8. Sinaga, R. (2001).Amazon Marketplace: Getting Started in the Amazon Marketplace. Private Label Rights, p.5. Stalk, G. and Butman, J. (2008).Five Future Strategies You Need Right Now. Harvard Business Press, p.30. Strauss, J. and Raymond D., F. (2016).E-marketing. 2nd ed. Routledge, p.63. Turban, E., Whiteside, J., King, D. and Outland, J. (2017).Introduction to Electronic Commerce and Social Commerce. Springer, p.69. Wynn-Williams, M. (2017).Managing Global Business. Palgrave Macmillan, p.38. Yeoman, I. and McMahon-Beattie, U. (2004).Revenue Management and Pricing: Case Studies and Applications. Cengage Learning EMEA, p.38.

Bias In Printmedia Essay Research Paper Print free essay sample

Bias In Printmedia Essay, Research Paper Print media provides its readers with information, but what the reader really frequently does non acknowledge is the prejudice within the articles. Bias is non so easy recognized. Writers have the gift to intermix the prejudice in with their work. It is so good done, that in order to see the prejudice, one must thoroughly analyze the article. A individual must besides cognize what the types of prejudice are and how they are used. There are many different types of prejudice that are used in wellness related articles such as statistics and crowd counts, word pick and tone, and through skip. Print media demonstrates these types of prejudice in many articles. One method of prejudice being used is print media is through statistics and crowd counts. A author can pull strings the reader into believing that the consequences are really high or really low in some instances. We will write a custom essay sample on Bias In Printmedia Essay Research Paper Print or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In The Toronto Star on October 23, 1999, the article Pregnancy biggest menace to adult females, V.N. says uses statistics to give an appraisal, an estimated 585,000 adult females do every twelvemonth. This article explains how pregnancy affects many adult females. By utilizing this statistic, it gives the reader an estimate, but non an exact figure. This is used to do the reader think that the statistic is really high. Another article in The Toronto Star, Tamil wellness crisis probed, on October 29, 1999, demostrates prejudices by stating, At least 70,000 people. The article is speaking about the Tamil community and how 70,000 people have been affected, but it does non give the sum of people in that community. This type of prejudice is frequently used in print media to do an article more of import than it is. Bias through word pick and tone is frequently used in print media beginnings. By taking specific words, the author can easy act upon the reader s sentiment about the article. Certain words give the reader a different significance. In an article, Health attention to have $ 3.8 billion injection, in The Toronto Star, on October 22, 1999, the Governor, Hilary Weston, is reading a transition from a throne address given by the authorities to present a Patient s Bill of Rights. By utilizing the word, throne, the author suggests that the address given is really of import. During this address, there is a caucus chortle from a Liberal at the meeting. The author uses caucus to bespeak that it is more than a normal chortle during an of import address. This prejudice is used to pull strings the reader into believing that the Liberal is careless about the authorities s address. This type of prejudice is shown in mom ny print media beginnings to make an image of something that might non be at that place. One of the strongest types of prejudice is through skip. It is easy for a author to go forth out facts, whether they are of import or non. By go forthing out certain facts in an article, it merely gives the reader one side of the state of affairs. A author can either give the good side or the bad. Very seldom will a reader acquire both sides of the merchandise or incident. The Globe and Mail, on October 7, 1999, demonstrates this prejudice in the article To your wellness, by publishing about how intoxicant can assist mend liver harm, but what it does non publish are the negative effects intoxicant can hold on people. The readers read the good in imbibing, but they do non see the other side effects of making so. The Toronto Star, on November 1, 1999, in the article, Chronic sleep debt may raise hazard of diabetes, besides uses prejudice through skip. This article talks about how less sleep can harm a individual s wellness, particularly the younger coevals. When the existent survey is done, the lone people tested were immature males, extinguishing the females and the seniors ; the survey involved 11 healthy immature work forces. Although the survey is done, the lone consequences given are for immature work forces. The organic structure of a adult male and a adult female are different ; hence, both need separate consequences, every bit good as seniors. By merely publishing the consequences of the work forces, the article has eliminated the adult females and the seniors. Extinguishing certain information can go forth the reader unaware with the information given. Omission is a strong type of prejudice that is used in many articles. Although prejudice is difficult to indicate out, it is frequently at that place. Some are drawn to an article because of the types of the types of prejudice that have been used, such as statistics and crowd counts, word pick and tone and skip. Statisticss and crowd counts give an estimated sum of people or things, but hardly of all time give an exact figure. Word pick and tone can act upon the reader s sentiment about the article. Omission merely gives one thing or the other, go forthing the reader unaware of the other side of the state of affairs. By utilizing prejudice in print media beginnings, a author can pull strings the reader into believing something that might non be true. The author has many ways to intermix in the prejudice with their article and it is frequently done so. The ground for prejudice is to pull the reader into reading certain articles that might be passed by. Articles should be read and analyzed exhaustively in order to acquire the full significance of what is being said. 32c

Jamestown Essay essays

Jamestown Essay essays Jamestown offered more opportunity to colonists than Massachusetts Bay Colony by allowing more than one religion, more workers rights, and freedom of speech. Jamestown settlers had a charter from England guaranteeing the rights of settlers, as they would have had it in England. The Puritans formed the Massachusetts Bay Colony and they received a charter also. Both colonies had their have and have-nots in them. Massachusetts Bay Colony promoted the church greatly and Jamestown promoted working over religion. Jamestown was the starting of a democracy, equality. Colonists in Jamestown were given the right of free speech. The House of Burgess, first elected legislative assembly, was created for the settlers in Jamestown. Only white males, with property were aloud to vote in the assembly. When England started to send over indentured servants for the colonist, they were aloud to protest in courts for being abused or being handled in the wrong way. In Massachusetts the Puritans had set standards for the elect, visible saints. Not all the people could become the elect and participate in church. The justices in the local courts in Massachusetts were appointed by England, not by the people. Jamestown did not depend on one religion, as this was not the case in Massachusetts. In Massachusetts the colonists were mostly Puritans, some separatists were there also. Jamestown had a mix of all religions and did not really care about it as much as the Puritans did. It didnt matter what religion you where in Jamestown, because everyone was equal. Puritans made everything based upon religion because they had a covenant with God. They were giving faith to God to help them start a settlement that all the people would look up to. It didnt matter what religion you where in Jamestown, because everyone was equal. The colonists in Jamestown had more rights for workers because it didnt rely on religio ...

Foundational to the Christian faith is the belief that mankind is Essay

Foundational to the Christian faith is the belief that mankind is created in the image of God - Essay Example As such, the following analysis will seek to engage the reader with the important and fundamental onus that this understanding places upon the believer; as well as a discussion and analysis of several of the texts within the Bible that confirm the importance of this â€Å"image† connection. Although a literal interpretation of the texts pertaining to mankind (humankind) being created within he image of God lends one to believe that we look and are formed literally similar to our Creator, such an approach only captures part of the meaning that can necessarily be implied. Moreover, the first reference of making mankind in the â€Å"image† of God is found in Genesis 1:26 where God staes on the final day of creation, â€Å"Let us make man in our image, in our likeness†. This dual reference to image and likeness are important; although they may seem rather complimentary at first glance. The reason behind this is that the dual reference both implies a physical and the potential for a spiritual likeness. Whereas Biblical scholars have long debated whether or not a type of original sin or tabula rasa exists within the spiritual soul of mankind, seeking to define this is only part of understanding what the texts relating to image ultimately portend. As such, it is the understanding of this author that the pervasive discussion of image and thelinkages between human and devine that are effected both in the Old and the New Testament show a unique layer of importance being bestowed upon the level of understanding that the believer is able to integrate with this reality of similarity. Though it might be tempting, being created within the mere image of God is not enough in and of itself to allow the believer to assume an air of neither infallibility nor perfection. However, in helping to denote this comparison to an even more profound degree, the New Testament book of Hebrews chapter 4:15 states: â€Å"For we do not have a high priest who is unable to em pathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who has been tempted in every way, just as we are – yet he did not sin†. This of course helps to make the New Testament teachings concerning the path of righteousness that Christ laid out for his followers as even more pertinent and even more salient. Although true that mankind is created in the physical likeness of the Creator, he is also endowed with a unique spiritual ability to develop the relationship with the Father; just as His Son did during his ministry on Earth. The necessity for all of this is manifestly evident with regards to the field of special education. Due to the fact that there exists a clear and determinant relationship between the teacher and the student, similar to the relationship that existed between Christ and his disciples during His ministry on earth, it is necessary for these stakeholders to integrate closely with the idea and understanding for how the image of God can most effectively be transmitt ed to stakeholders within the educational setting. By seeking to engage these individuals with regards to fairness, patience, honesty, and longsuffering, the image of God can be effectively transmitted to these youth; regardless of their developmental level; thereby helping to promote an appreciation and understanding of how the image

The Importance of Understanding Price Elasticity Essay - 1

The Importance of Understanding Price Elasticity - Essay Example This elasticity is used to measure how responsive the quantity demanded is or how willing the consumers are to buy the firm’s product if there is a given change in price. Inelastic products, meaning products whose quantity demanded would not be significantly affected by a change in price, include cigarettes and food items. Whereas elastic products, meaning products whose quantity demanded would be significantly affected by a change in its price, include iPod, MP3, television and other such consumer items considered a luxury or a want. Firms can use information about their product’s elasticity of demand to determine their price structure and their competition policy in the market. This information is extremely valuable for the firm’s marketing department as it allows them to determine if the people will continue buying their product if the price is increased or will there be a dramatic decline in the sales. For example if the demand is inelastic for a cigarette company then its marketing department will know that there won’t be a significant decrease in the quantity demanded by the customers to an increase in price. Hence they can afford to charge a higher price without losing too many customers. One thing that needs to be noted here is that when the price of a product is relatively inelastic, a firm’s revenue would rise because of the fact that an increase in price which not reduce quantity demanded significantly thus their revenues would rise. On the other hand, had the demand for tha t product been elastic, they would be losing revenue because quantity demanded would fall. Here, cigarettes are considered to be a relatively inelastic, hence the marketing and the finance department would be aware of the fact that they can increase potential revenue by an increase in the level of prices depending on the degree of elasticity. If the value of elasticity is closer to zero, then they can increase the

Samsung Company analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Samsung Company analysis - Essay Example Product/services and geographic scope The company would promote the products through advertising campaigns in UK. Samsung will continue the brand promotion strategies using celebrities with promotional activities in malls and outlets (Semenik, Allen, & O'Guinn, 2008). Samsung offers a variety of products ranging from LCD and LED panels, mobile phones, semi-conductors, televisions and digital cameras. Till 2005, the company allocated more than 75% of the in-house production capacity to the countries like China, Mexico, India, identified as low cost countries. The operations of mobile phone operations of the company are mainly based in Northern China. In the first part of 2006, Samsung began to produce mid- and high-end handsets in India. The mobile phone manufacturing centres include Korea, UK, China, Japan and USA (Samsung-c, n.d.). Competitors Although the company enjoys a large market share, the company faces some serious threat from the other developed or developing companies, nam ely, Sony Corporation, Videocon and some other well-known brands. If these are direct competitors, the indirect competitors include Media Player from Microsoft, Ovi player from Nokia and several local brands (Schwarzinger, 2012). Sony is a company from Japan and leads the market in consumer-durable products. The prices charged by Sony are generally high, but if one looks for quality, then Sony is the best option to opt for (Sony, 2012). PEST Analysis Political: The political conditions of the countries where Samsung operate pose some risk. The political climate of South Korea became a worrying factor. In the African continent and in the countries of South East Asia, Samsung has distinct disadvantages as the business environment is hostile (Husso, 2011). Economic: Samsung follows a healthy marketing strategy in the countries where they operate. Since high levels of disposable income are required from the consumers to buy their products, Samsung targets the middle income classes. The company tries to enter into the countries where the business cycle for the offered products is in initial stages. Social: The company has been able to integrate itself according to the market structures. The ‘think global, act local’ mindset strengthens the landscape. It has effectively bridged the gap between culture and society. The company initiates to link a balance between the tastes and aspirants of the consumers with the amount of disposable income they possess (Henry, 2008). Technological: The company can take pride depending on the innovative approaches it launches. The products are made using cutting-edge technologies, and the attractive designs are the incentives it provides to the customers. The innovations are the biggest strength of Samsung, and the technological advancements lay the foundation stone to cement the place of Samsung in global markets. SWOT Analysis Strength: The brand value of the company is the biggest strength. The new innovation of 3D tel evision is selling like hot cakes in the market. It is of no surprise that Samsung is the company with the largest market share of 3D television. Other types of television, namely, the LED television, have been successful in providing a large consumer base to the

Just Culture in Nursing

Just Culture in Nursing JUST CULTURE: An Approach that is Right and Just for the Philippine Nursing System Bernardo Oliber Alconis Arde Jr., RN, MAN Nursing has always been regarded as a â€Å"humanistic science† since it has evolved from experience to science. Anchored by altruistic motives, nurses perform nursing care to patients with tact and prudence; otherwise patients’ safety is jeopardized. Hence, it is safe to say that nursing should be a ‘perfect discipline’ – an arena where mistake is never an option. While there are great efforts by the nursing community to pursue perfection by its evidence-based approach, the fact still stand that humans are fallible. And by human nature, even if nurses make the best choices of care for their patients, other factors aside from these choices may still make them vulnerable to committing errors. If nurses’ infallibility can never be attained, how then can it be managed? Traditionally, healthcare’s culture has held individuals accountable for all errors or mishaps that befall patients under their care. When errors occur, the immediate solution is to blame an individual for the error. Blaming individuals creates a culture of fear, discourages open reporting and discussion of errors, and does little to prevent future errors or improve the safety of the health care system (NCBON, 2011). According to Leape (2000), as cited by American Nurses Association (2010) these approaches that focus on punishing individuals instead of changing systems provide strong incentives for people to report only those errors they cannot hide. Thus, a punitive approach shuts off the information that is needed to identify faulty systems and create safer ones. In a punitive system, no one learns from their mistakes. Many observers attribute underreporting to the punitive (‘‘name and blame’’) approach that many healthcare organizations have taken with regard to safety incidents. By inculcating a sense of fear, the punitive approach discourages reporting and, in doing so, prevents organizational learning and improvement (Barach Small, 2000; Blegen et al., 2004; Kadzielski Martin, 2002; Kingston, Evans, Smith, Berry, 2004; Manasse, Eturnbull, Diamond, 2002; Wakefield et al., 2001, 1999). As an alternative to this traditional system, application of a model which is widely used in aviation industry known as the Just Culture Model seeks to create an environment that encourages individuals to report mistakes so that the precursors to errors can be better understood in order to fix the system issues (ANA, 2010). Just Culture, as defined in aviation industry, is a culture in which front line operators are not punished for actions, omissions or decisions taken by them that are commensurate with the experience and training, but where gross negligence, wilful violations and destructive acts are not tolerated (Eurocontrol, 2014). Reason (n.d), as quoted by Skybrary (n.d) claimed that it is an atmosphere of trust in which people are encouraged, even rewarded for proving essential safety-related information but in which they are also clear about where the line must be drawn between acceptable and unacceptable behaviour. In 1997, as mentioned by ANA (2010), John Reason wrote that a Just Culture creates an atmosphere of trust, encouraging and rewarding people for providing essential safety-related information. A Just Culture is also explicit about what constitutes acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Therefore a Just Culture is the middle component between patient safety and a safety culture (Reason, 1997). However, the term â€Å"Just Culture† was first used in a 2001 report by David Marx (Marx, 2001), a report which popularized the term in the patient safety lexicon (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, n.d.). Further he argues that discipline needs to be tied to the behavior of individuals and the potential risks their behavior presents more than the actual outcome of their actions (Marx, 2001). In the health care arena, Medscape (n.d) emphasized that Just Culture recognizes that human error and faulty systems can cause a mistake and encourages an investigation of what led to the error instead of an immediate rush to blame a person. A just culture, expert say, is a ‘‘non-punitive’’ environment in which individuals can report errors or close calls without fear of reprimand, rebuke, or reprisal (Blegen et al., 2004; Karadeniz Cakmakci, 2002; Kingston et al., 2004; Pizzi, Goldfarb, Nash, 2001; Wakefield et al., 1999; Wild Bradley, 2005). The concept of a fair and just culture refers to the way an organization handles safety issues. Humans are fallible; they make mistakes. In a just culture, hazardous human behavior such as staff errors, near-misses and risky actions are identified and discussed openly in hopes of finding ways to improve processes and systems — not to identify and punish the individual (Pepe Cataldo, 2011). In the Philippines, where nurses face a lot of workplace-related issues such as understaffing, undue remuneration, and hostile employers to name a few, they become more vulnerable to making mistakes. With so much pressure at hand due to how these errors are addressed currently plus the fact that nurses are more often unappreciated, they may burnout putting the delivery of care at stake. This existing practice is opposed by the concept of Just Culture, where according to Pepe and Cataldo (2011), is a model that distinguishes among human error, at-risk behavior, reckless behavior, malicious willful violations and the corresponding levels of accountability. Moreover, just culture is not a â€Å"blame-free† approach. It is a strategy that gets into the root of the problem, whether it is a worker wilfully contributing to the error or the system providing inadequate support to the worker’s need. Furthermore, it is a system of justice that involves both investigatory action and disciplinary action. Hence, a â€Å"just culture† stands between a ‘‘blaming’’ or punitive culture, on the one hand, and a ‘‘no-blame’’ or ‘‘anything-goes’’ culture, on the other. This view reflects the connotation of balance typically associated with the terms ‘‘just’’ or ‘‘fair.’ (Weiner, Hobgood Lewis, 2007). It balances the need to learn from mistakes and the need to take disciplinary action where appropriate. In a setting where just culture is implemented, encouragement of error disclosure is emphasized through open communication. As stated in Skybrary (2014) the personnel is clear, that in the interest of safety, the organisation wants to know, at all times, about unsafe events, unsafe situations that have presented themselves or could arise. They are keen to step forward and speak up when they perceive a situation as dangerous, think of a procedure as risky, or any other issue in their daily tasks that they judge as potentially harmful and are yet without good remedy. This system makes sure the staffs are motivated to report and the trend must be maintained. Moreover, whenever there are reports, the organization assures that they are acknowledged, discussed properly and provided with appropriate feedbacks. When errors occur, the person who committed the error is not blamed instantly. He or she is not punished outright but rather a safety investigation is initiated to determine the proper disciplinary action. The organisation investigates why this error was made and what can be done to avoid them or to mitigate the effects for future operations. The workforce is protected as best as possible from negative consequences resulting from human error or subsequent investigations and in principle the organisation will defend and support people should external prosecutions or litigations target them. The organisation attempts to repair the situation as best as possible and restore the operations to normal. The organisation provides compensation for those that have experienced personal loss or damage. The organisation tries hard to prevent that same event from happening again. A case is not closed by condemning or finding the guilty one, but by discovering the underlying problems in the system, by rectifying this and by repairing the damages done (Skybrary, 2014). When the problem is discovered, rectified and repaired, the organisation then communicates the situation with confidentiality to all the members of the group. This dissemination intends not to humiliate somebody but rather provides a learning platform for everyone. In just culture, the error that has happened was seen not as something to be fixed but rather an opportunity of learning and ironing the system. It creates an environment of introspection while errors are discussed and collectively outlines improved policies, protocols and/or guidelines. It also shapes a venue for the enrichment of managerial competencies. Hence, it is an implicit claim of just culture that it is inevitable for practitioners to commit mistakes that even the most experienced individual is capable of making mistakes. It is also implied in just culture that punishment is not an assurance that workers will not be making mistakes and that perfecting a performance is impossible and can never be sustained. ANA (2010), in their position paper about this concept officially endorse the Just Culture concept as a strategy to reduce errors and promote patient safety in health care. In their efforts to endorse this â€Å"non-punitive† approach, they promote and disseminate information about the Just Culture concept in ANA publications, through constituent member associations, and ANA affiliated organizations. Hence, the feasibility of incorporating this approach in the present system in the Philippines must also be taken into consideration. However, the adopting organization must develop its own strategies in implementing just culture. It is because no single method fits all in applying the just culture. This concept, when used as an approach in improving the quality of care, must be contextualized depending on the acceptance and capability of the institution to implement this model. Once this approach is incorporated in the system, ANA (2010) encourages continued research into the effectiveness of the Just Culture concept in improving patient safety and employee performance outcomes. To this end, Just Culture might just be the absolute answer to the faulty system not only of nursing but might as well the entire Philippine Healthcare system. References Erickson, A. K. (2012, November 1). Step forward: Hospital journey to Just Culture. pharmacist.com. Retrieved May 28, 2014, from http://www.pharmacist.com/step-forward-hospitals’-journey-‘just-culture’ ANA. (n.d.). Just Culture. http://nursingworld.org/. Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://nursingworld.org/psjustculture Brewer, K. (n.d.). How a Just Culture Can Improve Safety in Health Care. Medscape Log In. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/746089_2 Building a Just Culture. (2014, January 8). SKYbrary . Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Building_a_Just_Culture Colorado Firecamp A Roadmap to a Just Culture. (n.d.). Colorado Firecamp A Roadmap to a Just Culture. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://coloradofirecamp.com/just-culture/index.htm Esarr Advisory Material/Guidance Document (EAM/GUI). (2006, March 31). Skybrary. Retrieved May 28, 2014, from . http://www.skybrary.aero/bookshelf/books/235.pdf Eurocontrol Driving excellence in ATM performance. (n.d.). Just culture. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from https://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/just-culture Harbour, T. (n.d.). Just Environment: Command Climate, Leadership, and Error Forest Service Fire and Aviation Management: Becoming a Learning Culture. http://high-reliability.org/. Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://high-reliability.org/files/Harbour_HRO_Abstract_Just_Culture.pdf Just Culture. (n.d.). SKYbrary . Retrieved May 30, 2014, from http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Just_Culture Just Culture Policy. (n.d.). Eurocontrol. Retrieved May 28, 2014, from http://www.eurocontrol.int/sites/default/files/publication/files/201209-just-culture-policy.pdf Marx, D. (n.d.). Patient Safety and the Just Culture . health.ny.gov. Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://www.health.ny.gov/professionals/patients/patient_safety/conference/2007/docs/patient_safety_and_the_just_culture.pdf NCBON. (n.d.). Just Culture In Nursing Regulation . ncbon.com. Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://www.ncbon.com/myfiles/downloads/cet-booklet.pdf Pepe, J., Cataldo, P. J. (2011). Log in. Manage Risk, Build a Just Culture. Retrieved August 10, 2014, from https://www.chausa.org/publications/health-progress/article/july-august-2011/manage-risk-build-a-just-culture WISE, D. (n.d.). Getting To Know Just Culture | Outcome Engenuitys Just Culture Community. Outcome Engenuitys Just Culture Community. Retrieved May 30, 2014, from https://www.justculture.org/getting-to-know-just-culture/ Weiner, B. J., Hobgood, C., Lewis, M. A. (2008). The meaning of justice in safety incident reporting. Social Science Medicine, 66(2), 403-413.

FRANKENSTEIN :: essays research papers fc

The origin of Frankenstein is almost as mysterious and exciting as the novel itself. It all began back in the summer of 1816 at the Villa Diodati on the shores of Lake Geneva, Switzerland. Mary Shelley seems not to condemn the act of creation but rather Frankenstein’s lack of willingness to accept the responsibility for his deeds. His creation only becomes a monster at the moment his creator deserts it. Essentially, Frankenstein warns of the careless use of science which is still an important issue. In feminist literary theory, it claims that Frankenstein’s act of creation is not only a sin against God and nature. It is also an act against the â€Å"female principle† which includes natural procreation as one of its central aspects. The monster, the result of male arrogance, is the enemy and destroyer of the eternal female principle. The classification of Frankenstein as a ghost story, Gothic novel or horror novel is not completely accurate. It contains no supernatural apparitions such as ghosts, witches, devils, demons or sorcerers. And other typical gothic elements such as ruined castles, graveyards and charnel houses appear only briefly or in the distance. In the novel, Mary Shelley is silent on how Victor Frankenstein breathes life into his creation. But her story did not just come from her imagination alone. Scientists and physicians of her time were tempted by the boundaries between life and death, constantly experimenting with lower organisms, human anatomical studies, attempting to resuscitate drowning victims, and experiments using electricity to restore life to the recently dead. Another origin of this monster has to do with people’s fascinations with â€Å"nature’s monsters,† the sharp deviations from normal human development. The monster â€Å"Frankenstein† is thought of as a horrible, evil creation. One informant thought of him as frustrated, loud, and uncommunicative. Some others remember aspects from the many different movies such as the monster having â€Å"the mind of a killer and the heart of a kind man.† One informant recalled the monster having a â€Å"soft spot for children† when he helped a little girl kill all the evil monsters in one of the movies. Abandoned by his creator, the monster takes revenge on Victor Frankenstein by killing his younger brother, William. Frankenstein’s silence, in the face of the monster’s murderous actions, exacts a terrible price. His self-imposed isolation from society mirrors the social isolation the monster experiences from all who see him.

High School Drop Out Rates

High School Drop Out Rates Essay The nation's dropout crises have become severe over the past ten years. Big city high schools have less than 50% of freshmen graduate. (8) The problem has taken a back seat to a national focus on early childhood and elementary programs. Recent studies have found the dropout rate rising in large cities. Among minority groups, the dropout rate is the highest. The causes of the growing problem range from teen pregnancy to depression. The effect of the drop out rate is financially devastating on the individuals who dropout. Programs are being used to help decrease the tendencies for student to dropout.The national dropout rate has become common for teenagers. Dropout intervention programs have little effect from keeping teens from dropping out. According to the Boston herald website: But combating dropout rates requires new approaches since one group of researcher found that the 20 primary dropout prevention programs administered by the U. S. department o f education made little difference in keeping teens in school. The city' has gradually increase during the past four years, with roughly 900 student-mostly black and Hispanic- leaving the system each year. (1) This problem has been gradually increasing because schools have focused on basis math, literally skills and early childhood education for raising overall test scores. The dropout problem has been virtually forgotten. According to Jay Smink, Director of the National Dropout Prevention Center at Clemson University: â€Å"The sad part is, no one is seriously looking at the issue, and the sadder part is they're not putting the resources needed to improve the graduation rate,†(2) Largest Group of Drop-outs Hispanics are the largest group of dropout rates at 30-35%.This is 2. 5 times higher than the Africans-Americans dropout rate and 3. 5 % time the rate of whites. The study show the reason for the higher rate among Hispanics is poor teacher preparation, lower expectations, and overcrowded facilities. Another reason is a language barrier. Few teachers know enough Spanish to teach Hispanics. Other reasons are cultural related. Many Hispanic youth cite reasons for dropping out that are common to all youth who drop out. These reasons are they are failing, bored and/or having to work to support a family.Most Hispanics tend to believe that the public schools disrespect Hispanic culture, neglect the language problem, and set academic standards below the national norm. Poverty is wide spread among Hispanics. (6) Many children do not get an early start at school by attending pre-school; therefore, these children are at a disadvantage from the start. Their parents cannot read so these children miss being read to which is a necessary part of early development. In addition, peer pressure is an extremely strong influence on Hispanic youth. According to the Augusta Chronicle.

Part Time Jobs for Students Essay

There is much debate nowadays concerning students and part-time jobs, whether they are a good thing or bad. Part time jobs can take time away from schoolwork, true, but students who work 10 to 15 hours a week during the school year earn higher grades than students who don’t work at all. I strongly encourage students to seek out part-time employment. Part-time jobs for students are good because they teach time management, responsibility and set students up for the world of work. Part- time jobs for students helps teach young people good time management. Learning how to manage time in respect to keeping plans, school schedules and work schedules organized, and forcing them to follow a steady schedule and be places on time, with consequences in a way that no other experiences may teach them, is best taught by a part-time job. I personally have a part-time job; I work at a farm at 6am every weekend morning. Having a part-time job has taught me time management like nothing else has before. Forcing me to prioritize plans and extracurricular activities has turned out to be quite an asset, and helps me in my everyday life, as it will in my future. Along with time management, part-time jobs teach students responsibility. Responsibility is a very important trait which is taught by part-time jobs. Students with part-time jobs learn how to be responsible. Steve Jobs accredits his success in the world of work to his part-time job at McDonalds in his youth. Part-time jobs give students a duty and obligation to satisfactorily perform and complete tasks and take responsibility for their actions. Students will learn to better handle their time and money at a younger age when faced with the responsibility that part-time jobs provide and ask for. Unlike school, part-time jobs demand a sort of trial based idea; with school, students may get away with tardiness, or absences, while with jobs, students will be faced with docked pay, or perhaps even being fired- a much more grave, eye opening consequence than school provides- and teenagers learn to be responsible as a whole, thanks to this. This type of responsibility sets teenagers up for the world of work. As well as teaching time management and responsibility, part-time jobs set young adults up for the world of work. Most part-time jobs ask for little to no experience, are easy to obtain and add to your future rà ©sumà ©, for when you do apply for jobs that require previous experience, later on in your career. Part-time employment teaches  you skills and experience which you could learn nowhere else, such as: how to fill out an application, how to interview well, how to work responsibly, and how to get along with co-workers and superiors, as well as many other qualities that will set you apart from other applicants while applying to more important jobs, farther along in life. Part-time jobs are as essential to further you in your future career path, as watering a plant is for its growth. In conclusion, part-time jobs are highly suggested for students in high school, or University. Part-time jobs teach students many assets such as time management, responsibility, and sets young adults up for the world of work.

The 19th Century Bone Wars

The 19th Century Bone Wars When most people think of the Wild West, they picture Buffalo Bill, Jesse James, and caravans of settlers in covered wagons. But for paleontologists, the American west in the late 19th century conjures up one image above all: the enduring rivalry between two of this countrys greatest fossil hunters, Othniel C. Marsh and Edward Drinker Cope. The Bone Wars, as their feud became known, stretched from the 1870s well into the 1890s, and resulted in hundreds of new dinosaur findsnot to mention reams of bribery, trickery, and outright theft, as well get to later. (Knowing a good subject when it sees one, HBO recently announced plans for a movie version of the Bone Wars starring James Gandolfini and Steve Carell; sadly, Gandolfinis sudden death has put the project in limbo.) In the beginning, Marsh and Cope were cordial, if somewhat wary, colleagues, having met in Germany in 1864 (at the time, western Europe, not the United States, was at the forefront of paleontology research). Part of the trouble stemmed from their different backgrounds: Cope was born into a wealthy Quaker family in Pennsylvania, while Marshs family in upstate New York was comparatively poor (albeit with a very rich uncle, who enters the story later). Its probable that, even then, Marsh considered Cope a bit of a dilettante, not really serious about paleontology, while Cope saw Marsh as too rough and uncouth to be a true scientist. The Fateful Elasmosaurus Most historians trace the start of the Bone Wars to 1868, when Cope reconstructed a strange fossil sent to him from Kansas by a military doctor. Naming the specimen Elasmosaurus, he placed its skull on the end of its short tail, rather than its long neck (to be fair to Cope, to that date no had ever seen an aquatic reptile with such out-of-whack proportions). When he discovered this error, Marsh (as the legend goes) humiliated Cope by pointing it out in public, at which point Cope tried to buy (and destroy) every copy of the scientific journal in which he had published his incorrect reconstruction. This makes for a good storyand the fracas over Elasmosaurus certainly contributed to the enmity between the two menbut the Bone Wars likely started on a more serious note. Cope had discovered the fossil site in New Jersey that yielded the fossil of Hadrosaurus, named by the two mens mentor, the famous paleontologist Joseph Leidy. When he saw how many bones had yet to be recovered from the site, Marsh paid the excavators to send any interesting finds to him, rather than to Cope. Cope soon found out about this gross violation of scientific decorum, and the Bone Wars began in earnest. Into the West What kicked the Bone Wars into high gear was the discovery, in the 1870s, of numerous dinosaur fossils in the American west (some of these finds were made accidentally, during excavation work for the Transcontinental Railroad). In 1877, Marsh received a letter from Colorado schoolteacher Arthur Lakes, describing the saurian bones he had found during a hiking expedition; Lakes sent sample fossils to both Marsh and (because he didn’t know if Marsh was interested) Cope. Characteristically, Marsh paid Lakes $100 to keep his discovery a secretand when he discovered that Cope had been notified, dispatched an agent west to secure his claim. Around the same time, Cope was tipped off to another fossil site in Colorado, which Marsh tried (unsuccessfully) to horn in on. By this time, it was common knowledge that Marsh and Cope were competing for the best dinosaur fossilswhich explains the subsequent intrigues centered on Como Bluff, Wyoming. Using pseudonyms, two workers for the Union Pacific Railroad alerted Marsh to their fossil finds, hinting (but not stating explicitly) that they might strike a deal with Cope if Marsh didnt offer generous terms. True to form, Marsh dispatched another agent, who made the necessary financial arrangementsand soon the Yale-based paleontologist was receiving boxcars of fossils, including the first specimens of Diplodocus, Allosaurus and Stegosaurus. Word about this exclusive arrangement soon spreadnot least because the Union Pacific employees leaked the scoop to a local newspaper, exaggerating the prices Marsh had paid for the fossils in order to bait the trap for the wealthier Cope. Soon, Cope sent his own agent westward, and when these negotiations proved unsuccessful (possibly because he wasnt willing to pony up enough money), he instructed his prospector to engage in a bit of fossil-rustling and steal bones from the Como Bluff site, right under Marshs nose. Soon afterward, fed up with Marshs erratic payments, one of the railroad men began working for Cope instead, turning Como Bluff into the epicenter of the Bone Wars. By this time, both Marsh and Cope had relocated westward, and over the next few years engaged in such hijinks as deliberately destroying uncollected fossils and fossil sites (so as to keep them out of each others hands), spying on each others excavations, bribing employees, and even stealing bones outright. According to one account, workers on the rival digs once took time out from their labors to pelt each other with stones! Next Page: The Bone Wars Get Personal Cope and Marsh, Bitter Enemies to the Last By the 1880’s, it was clear that Othniel C. Marsh was winning the Bone Wars. Thanks to the support of his wealthy uncle, George Peabody (who lent his name to the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History), Marsh could hire more employees and open more dig sites, while Edward Drinker Cope slowly but surely fell behind. It didnt help matters that other parties, including a team from Harvard University, now joined the dinosaur gold rush. Cope continued to publish numerous papers, but, like a political candidate taking the low road, Marsh made hay out of every tiny mistake he could find. Cope soon had his opportunity for revenge. In 1884, Congress began an investigation into the U.S. Geological Survey, which Marsh had been appointed the head of a few years before. Cope recruited a number of Marshs employees to testify against their boss (who wasnt the easiest person in the world to work for), but Marsh connived to keep their grievances out of the newspapers. Cope then upped the ante: drawing on a journal he had kept for two decades, in which he meticulously listed Marshs numerous felonies, misdemeanors and scientific errors, he supplied the information to a journalist for the New York Herald, which ran a sensational series about the Bone Wars. Marsh issued a rebuttal in the same newspaper, hurling similar accusations against Cope. In the end, this public airing of dirty laundry (and dirty fossils) didnt benefit either party. Marsh was asked to resign his lucrative position at the Geological Survey, and Cope, after a brief interval of success (he was appointed head of the National Association for the Advancement of Science), was beset by poor health and had to sell off portions of his hard-won fossil collection. By the time Cope died in 1897, both men had squandered their considerable fortunes. Characteristically, though, Cope prolonged the Bone Wars even from his grave. One of his last requests was that scientists dissect his head after his death to determine the size of his brain, which he was certain would be bigger than Marshs. Wisely, perhaps, Marsh declined the challenge, and to this day, Copes unexamined head rests in storage at the University of Pennsylvania. The Bone Wars: Let History Judge As tawdry, undignified, and out-and-out ridiculous as the Bone Wars occasionally were, they had a profound effect on American paleontology. In the same way competition is good for commerce, it can also be good for science: so eager were Othniel C. Marsh and Edward Drinker Cope to one-up each other that they discovered many more dinosaurs than if theyd merely engaged in a friendly rivalry. The final tally was truly impressive: Marsh discovered 80 new dinosaur genera and species, while Cope named a more-than-respectable 56. The fossils discovered by Marsh and Cope also helped to feed the American publics increasing hunger for new dinosaurs. Each major discovery was accompanied by a wave of publicity, as magazines and newspapers illustrated the latest amazing findsand the reconstructed skeletons slowly but surely made their way to major museums, where they still reside to the present day. You might say that popular interest in dinosaurs really began with the Bone Wars, though its arguable that it would have come about naturally, without all the bad feelings! The Bone Wars had a couple of negative consequences, as well. First, paleontologists in Europe were horrified by the crude behavior of their American counterparts, which left a lingering, bitter distrust that took decades to dissipate. And second, Cope and Marsh described and reassembled their dinosaur finds so quickly that they were occasionally careless. For example, a hundred years of confusion about Apatosaurus and Brontosaurus can be traced directly back to Marsh, who put a skull on the wrong bodythe same way Cope did with Elasmosaurus, the incident that started the Bone Wars in the first place!

Duc de Saint-Simon forum 14 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Duc de Saint-Simon forum 14 - Essay Example Saint-Simon describes the opulence of the royal life of the king while at Versailles. He begins by describing the large and infinite number of rooms at the place and the comfort the palace provided the king. He explains that the King’s life changed while in Versailles as he became increasingly sensitive. He developed interest on the operations of the palace and would always seek to note any cases of absenteeism. Additionally, whoever visited the palace needed reasons to see him. However, Louis XIV maintained his composure and demeanor magnificence and splendor. Versailles offered him the peace to maintain such a lifestyle. He therefore lived in Versailles to his death. The article is a reliable historical document. The author uses descriptive and simple sentences coupled with timeline record of events features that enhance the comprehension of the topical issue. Furthermore, the author uses appropriate intent citations that show the sources from where he borrows some of his major

Corporate Finance assignment on capital budgeting techniques and Essay

Corporate Finance assignment on capital budgeting techniques and required rate of return estimation - Essay Example For projects that are considered as mutually exclusive, that project that reflects the higher NPV, which has been applied in this case is the most appropriate to pick. The assumption under NPV is that cash inflows after every period are usually reinvested. It calculates the absolute proportionality of two projects. (Heitger, 2007 p525) Therefore, it is going to be applied in this study. Managers are in a position to make an evaluation of a project cash flow. One of the renown methods of projects’ analysis and choice is NPV; NPV= Present Value cash inflows – Present Value cash outflows. If the result is positive, then it gives a go ahead to take up the project. (Harvey, 1995) In this case presented below, there is no project with a positive NPV and thus rationality call for the avoidance of both. However, if the company has to undertake a project, then it should undertake Titan project since it has the higher NPV. Figure 1: PROJECT TITAN PROJECT TITAN Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 EXPENSES initial costs 48000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 infrastructure costs 15000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 depreciation equipment 0 7200000 7200000 7200000 7200000 7200000 7200000 working capital 0 5500000 6050000 6655000 7320500 8052550 8857805 operation expenses 0 16000000 17120000 18318400 19600688 20972736 22440828 Royalties 0 0 2200000 2464000 2759680 3090842 3461743 interest on loan 0 4178351 3572568 2908313 2179941 1381263 505494 TOTAL OUTFLOWS 63000000 32878351 36142568 37545713 39060809 40697391 42465870 REVENUES 0 0 44000000 49280000 55193600 61816832 69234852 NET CASH INFLOWS BEFORE TAX 63000000 32878351 7857432 11734287 16132791 21119441 26768982 TAX ON NET REVENUE 0 0 2357230 3520286 4839837 6335832 8030695 NET CASH INFLOWS -63000000 -32878351 5500202 8214001 11292954 14783609 18738287 PRESENT VALUE (17%) 1 0.8547 0.7305 0.6244 0.5337 0.4561 0.3898 -63000000 -28101126.6 4017897.561 5128822.224 6027049.55 6742804.065 7304184.273 NPV= -61880368.93 PROJECT OLYMPUS PROJECT OLYMPUS YEAR 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 EXPENSES initial costs 66000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 infrastracture costs 20000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 depreciation equipment 0 9900000 9900000 9900000 9900000 9900000 9900000 6600000 0 working capital 0 14000000 12880000 11849600 10901632 10029501 9227141 8488970 7809852 operation expenses 0 31000000 32240000 33529600 34870784 36265615 37716240 39224890 40793885 Royalties 0 0 2725000 3079250 3479553 3931894 4403722 4976205 5623112 interest on loan 0 5668303 5116727 4513708 3854450 3133706 2345743 1484291 542497 Lease costs 0 3000000 3000000 3000000 3000000 3000000 3000000 3000000 3000000 TOTAL OUTFLOWS 86000000 63568303 65861727 65872158 66006419 66260716 66592846 63774356 57769346 REVENUES 0 0 54500000 61585000 69591050 78637887 88074433 99524109 112462243 NET CASH INFLOWS BEFORE TAX -86000000 63568303 -11361727 -4287158 3584631 12377171 21481587 35749753 54692897 TAX ON NET REVENUE 0 0 0 0 1075389.3 3713151.3 6444476.1 10724925.9 16407869.1 NET CASH INFLOWS -86000000 -63568303 - 11361727 -4287158 2509241.7 8664019.7 15037110.9 25024827.1 38285027.9 PRESENT VALUE (17%) 1 0.8547 0.7305 0.6244 0.5337 0.4561 0.3898 0.3332 0.2848 -86000000 -54331828.57 -8299741.574 -2676901.455 1339182.295 3951659.385 5861465.829 8338272.39 10903575.95 NPV= -118237414.3 PART 2 Beta shows the relationship existing between the premium rate of the market and a firm’s rate of return. Beta is the value reflecting the slope when these two components mentioned are graphed. The process of finding beta is to be explained as

Nano-Thermal Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nano-Thermal Analysis - Essay Example hydrate & solvent 4) Assay development UV, HPLC, TLC 5) Stability      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Solution Thermal, hydrolysis, pH   Ã‚  Ã‚   In solid state Oxidation, proteolysis metal ion Derived properties    6) Microscopy Particle size and morphology 7) Bulk density Tablet and capsule formation 8) Flow properties Tablet and capsule formation 9) Compression properties Acid / excipient choice 10) Excipient compatibility Preliminary screen by DSC, Conformation by TLC POLYMORPHIC COMPOUNDS There are certain compounds that exist in more then one crystalline forms, this property is called polymorphism. Its evaluation is desirable during pre-formulation studies if the drug constitutes the major portion of the dosage form. Only one form of the polymorphic compound is thermodynamically active at a given temperature and pressure. Techniques for investigation for the stable form of polymorphs are microscopy (hot stage microscopy, X-ray diffraction, IR spectrophotometer, thermal analysis and dilalo metry.(Brittain,2009) THERMAL ANALYSIS It is the branch of science that deals with the properties of material that change with temperature. For the measurement of such properties various methods are used. the techniques all follow the change of specific physical property by the change of temperature or time in the specifically controlled environment, since moisture and temperature are the basic factors effecting the stability of the pharmaceutical compounds thus we take temperature to measure various parameters.(Menczel,2009) Thermal analysis Instrumental technique for describing various properties General method Acronym Property measured Application Differential scanning calorimetry DSC ?T, differential power input Measurement of kinetics Differential thermal analysis DTA ?T chemistry, pharmaceuticals, polymers Thermo- gravimetric Analysis TGA Mass composition, extent of cure, stability Thermo-mechanical Analysis TMA Length or volume Shear and torsion modulus of films, fibers, lami nates adhesives Dynamic mechanical Analysis DMA Viscoelastic properties rheological properties Dielectric Analysis DEA Dielectric properties isothermal crystallization Nano/micro-thermal Analysis n-TA Penetration, ?T Surface properties of solid dosage form THERMAL ANALYSIS OF PHARMACEUTICAL MATERIALS AND POLYMERS Techniques such as DSC, TG can investigate the transformation during polymorphic conversion.TGA is often used to measure residual solvents and moisture and solubility of the active materials in solvents. Polymers represent another large are for the application of thermal analysis, analysis of composite material such as glass or epoxy composites, analysis of raw material of packaging, effects of additives used in packaging material determined.TGA can also be used for fiber content determination of the composite. NANO-THERMAL ANALYSIS it is the local thermal analysis technique that allows obtaining understanding of thermal behavior of the materials combined with high spatial resolution imaging capabilities of the Atomic Force Microscopy with a spatial resolution

The Works of Ernest Hemingway Essay Example for Free

The Works of Ernest Hemingway Essay Ernest Hemingway is one of the most distinguished and seasoned American writers of all time. He was born in Oak Park, Illinois in 1899 to parents Clarence Edmonds Hemingway and Grace Hall Hemingway. He grew up and obtained primary and secondary education in Oak Park. After high school, Hemingway decided to skip college and take on a career in Journalism for the local paper of the state of Kansas. Writing for The Kansas City Star for six long months was Hemingway’s first job. His experiences as a journalist for the Star contributed to his writing styles – brief yet succinct and forceful. After the Star, Hemingway enlisted himself as a volunteer for the Red Cross Ambulance Corps during World War I. He came up close to the carnage and atrociousness of the war through his experiences and his involvement with army officers. After being wounded in the war, Hemingway returned to Oak Park where he continued his writing career for the local paper in Toronto, while also busying himself with writing novels and short stories; three of his most popular novels being â€Å"A Farewell to Arms,† â€Å"For Whom the Bell Tolls,† and â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea,† that were highly influenced by his experiences during the war and other personal and social events thereafter. (Wagner-Martin, 15-40) Hemingway’s ingà ©nue in writing earned him various awards including the prestigious Pulitzer Price for â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea† and a Nobel Prize in Literature for his numerous lifetime writing achievements. (Wagner-Martin, 16) It was Hemingway’s excellent and distinct writing style and structure that earned him regard and prestige. With this in mind, the remainder of this text will look into the established writing styles and writing structure of Hemingway, which earned him honor and esteem, as evident in his three most popular works as aforementioned above. In addition, the major themes, motifs, and symbolisms present in the three novels will be compared vis-à  -vis in order to determine how Hemingway solidifies his ingenuity into writing. In general, the writing style of Ernest Hemingway is considered by many of his readers and critics to be simple but articulate. A written text published by the University of North Carolina, which features the works of Hemingway, discusses the simplistic nature of his works. His choice of wordings in his works were observed to be selections of unadorned nouns, verbs, and adjectives, however, Hemingway was still able to articulate obscurely and vividly significant scenes which make up the essence of his works, particularly his novels. (Canada) For Hallengren, a writer for the Nobel Foundation, who also wrote an article that features the Nobel Prize worthy works of Hemingway, Hemingway’s writing style may be labeled as â€Å"hard-boiled.† The â€Å"hard-boiled† style was attributed to the particular era in which Hemingway lived most of his life as journalist and a novelist. This particular style was described as an inhuman, unsympathetic, and callous way of expressing views and opinions, which led the term to symbolize how pieces of literature that are direct and simple, perhaps rather frank and guileless, actually are. (Hallengren) In terms of the major themes that Hemingway uses to solidify his thoughts and ideas in his literary works, his were identified to be focused on depicting the lives of two particular groups of people. The first group of people consists of individuals who have grown insensible, unfeeling, and callous, due to the various circumstances in their lives that have caused them to lose their grip on the moral fiber that is supposed to rule or govern society and experiences that also caused them to lose heart and consequently teaching them to fend for their personal interests instead. The other group of people are those who live to fight against various circumstances and experiences that confront them. In general, the first group consists of frail or weak people who cannot seem to get past through trials and hardships and refuse to face them courageously. They surrender to circumstances, which test their strength and will to stay true to themselves and functional and valuable to the society that they live in. On the other hand, the second groups of people are those who are willing to toughen hard times out in order to emerge victorious in the end having been able to prove something to themselves and the society. (â€Å"Ernest Hemingway†) The aforementioned major themes, which Hemingway incorporates to his novels, is evident in the three widely acclaimed novels: â€Å"A Farewell to Arms,† â€Å"For Whom the Bell Tolls,† and â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea.† Lieutenant Frederic Henry (â€Å"A Farewell to Arms†), Santiago (â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea†), and Robert Jordan (â€Å"For Whom the Bell Tolls†), the protagonists in these three novels, qualify as individuals who represent those who fight courageously and determinedly against unwanted or unfortunate circumstances in their lives that seem to confront their ability to control and manage such situations. However, at one point in their lives, they allowed themselves to be defeated by the difficulties, challenges, and dilemmas that they cannot seem to overcome.   Lieutenant Frederic Henry served for the Italian Army during the First World War. Like what most people expect of uniformed individuals who work for the military, he was described as callous and insensitive in carrying out his duties and responsibilities. As the war progresses and the Italian Army was slowly lead to their demise, the soldiers who fought in the war started to feel how the world is crumbling down around them. Fear, uneasiness, and aggravation of what is to come since the defeat of the Italian Army were the main catalysts for Henry’s display of needless violence and betrayal. (Hemingway) Santiago was an experienced fisherman. He believes in his skills and abilities as a fisherman and takes pride in his perception of his success. However, his self-assurance and pride is shattered by his failure of catching fish within the eighty-four days that he has set off to sea. He became the butt of all jokes in their village and from this unfortunate situation, he began to feel and endure the struggles and difficulties that challenge his ability to believe in himself and to appreciate the purpose or meaning of his life at an old age. (Hemingway) Robert Jordan was an American working as a professor in one of the universities in the United States. It was during the time of the Spanish war when he decided to enlist for the Republican faction of the war. Jordan’s motivations to put his life at risk were his belief of the purpose or cause of fighting for the stand and convictions of the Republican side of the Spanish war – that is to fight against fascism. Jordan was assigned a bold and dangerous task that is to detonate explosives to annihilate a bridge utilized for transport by the Fascist camp that will consequently help the Republican side to get ahead of their game, which leads him to a series of circumstances and experiences that opens his eyes to the reality of the implications of the war. (Hemingway) The situations that the protagonists in Hemingway’s novels find themselves in symbolizes the various personal struggles, difficulties, and challenges that individuals face everyday and the corresponding responses that people opt to act on in order to resolve them. For Henry, it was fear and the unpredictability of war that led him to feel at war with himself and the situation that he finds himself in; for Santiago, it was his loss of self-assurance that left him questioning himself as a person; and for Jordan, it was the question of whether the cause that he supports is something that he really believes in. I believe that these particular situations are explicitly revealed within the novels. These situations are set under the context personal conflicts that all individuals face each and every day of their lives, if not at one point of their lives wherein they have no choice but to endure the results or consequences of unfortunate situations. In each situation, the protagonists were shaken by the circumstances that creates a moral or ethical imbalance within themselves, stirring their values, beliefs, and personal constructs. These particular situations represent what was aforementioned of the two groups of people that constitute the major theme of Hemingway’s novel. At one point in each novel, the protagonist falls under the construct of the first group of individuals who cannot seem to get over the difficulties and challenges that they experience. This seems to go on during the primary parts of the novel. However, on the latter parts, Hemingway’s motif seems to change to incorporate the characteristics described for the second group of people who decides to fight courageously in order to resolve problems and difficulties or to undo the faults or mistakes that they did due to their inability to get past their personal or moral struggles. (Meyers, 35-36) Another theme or motif, as aforementioned, is the concept of love, acceptance, and sacrifice as the only way for redemption. Both Henry and Jordan fell in love with a women, which have led them to rethink all the singular details and situations that resulted to their dilemma. It seemed that loving allowed them to feel emotively and passionately about their real purpose, leading them to know what they should do in order to resolve their dilemmas. For Henry, it was his decision to leave the army, and for Jordan, it was his decision to make a sacrifice in order to prove to prove to himself the reason for his enlisting in the Republican side of the war. Santiago, on the other hand, redeemed his failures by being at peace with himself and accepting that situation that he was in at that point. (Hemingway) Overall, in comparing the three novels of Hemingway, we arrive at the conclusion that although they were set in three different situations, subject to various struggles and difficulties, the central theme boils down to the personal struggles and moral dilemmas that allows individuals to commit mistakes and question themselves. However, in the end, love, acceptance, and sacrifice will always redeem us and will finally help us in letting everything fall into the right places at the right time.